At a glance
- CAS number
- 69-72-7
- INCI name
- Salicylic Acid
- Function
- active, preservative, exfoliant, keratolytic, anti-acne, antimicrobial
- Typical use level
- 0.1%–2%
- Solubility
- both
- Stable pH
- 3–4
CAS number and synonyms are sourced from PubChem. Function, usage levels, pH and compatibility are AI-assisted formulation guidance — verify against your supplier's technical data sheet and applicable regulations before use.
Also known as
salicylic acid 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid o-hydroxybenzoic acid 2-Carboxyphenol o-Carboxyphenol Retarder W Rutranex Salonil Keralyt Duoplant Freezone Saligel
Compatibility
Works well with:
Niacinamide Glycerin Hyaluronic Acid Zinc PCA Tea Tree Oil Panthenol Allantoin Butylene Glycol Propylene Glycol
Use caution with:
L-Ascorbic Acid Benzoyl Peroxide Retinol AHA Acids Oxidizing Agents Iron Salts Lead Acetate Iodides
Salicylic acid is most effective at pH 3.0–4.0; raising pH above ~4.5 significantly reduces its bioavailability and exfoliant efficacy. Combining with other acids (AHAs, ascorbic acid) or retinol can cause over-exfoliation, irritation, and formulation instability. Benzoyl peroxide may cause oxidative degradation and increased skin sensitization risk when used in the same leave-on formula.
Formulation notes
EU Cosmetics Regulation limits salicylic acid to 2.0% in rinse-off products and 0.5% in leave-on products (except around eyes); not permitted in products for children under 3 except shampoos. In the US (OTC drug), up to 2% is permitted for acne treatment. Avoid in formulations intended for pregnant women or young children. Solubility in water is limited (~2 mg/mL at 20°C); ethanol or propylene glycol aids dissolution.
Related ingredients
- Mandelic AcidExfoliant
- UreaHumectant
- Azelaic AcidActive
- Glycolic AcidActive
- Kojic AcidActive
- ChlorphenesinPreservative