HomeIngredient LibraryAscorbic Acid

Antioxidant

Ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic Acid is a antioxidant, active, ph_adjuster used in cosmetic and personal-care formulation. Typical use level is 0.5%–20%. It is water-soluble. Stable in the pH 2.5–3.5 range.

At a glance

CAS number
50-81-7
INCI name
Ascorbic Acid
Function
antioxidant, active, ph_adjuster
Typical use level
0.5%–20%
Solubility
water
Stable pH
2.5–3.5

CAS number and synonyms are sourced from PubChem. Function, usage levels, pH and compatibility are AI-assisted formulation guidance — verify against your supplier's technical data sheet and applicable regulations before use.

Also known as

l-ascorbic acid ascorbic acid vitamin C L(+)-Ascorbic acid Ascoltin Ascorbicap Cevitamic acid Allercorb Ascorbajen Ascorin Ascorteal Ascorvit

Compatibility

Works well with:
Ferulic Acid Vitamin E (Tocopherol) Niacinamide (low conc.) Hyaluronic Acid Panthenol Glycerin Zinc Sulfate

Use caution with:
Niacinamide (high conc.) Benzoyl Peroxide Retinol Copper Peptides Alkaline pH ingredients Oxidizing agents Iron salts

Ascorbic Acid is highly unstable and oxidizes rapidly above pH 3.5 or when exposed to light, heat, and metal ions such as iron or copper, which catalyze degradation. High concentrations of Niacinamide can potentially form a yellow nicotinic acid complex, though this is debated at typical cosmetic use temperatures. Ferulic Acid and Tocopherol are classic synergistic partners that significantly improve oxidative stability.

Formulation notes

Effective vitamin C form for skin brightening and collagen synthesis, but formulation is challenging due to instability; use antioxidant boosters, opaque packaging, and keep pH below 3.5. Concentrations above 20% offer diminishing returns and may increase irritation risk. No regulatory maximum in most markets, but patch testing recommended at higher levels.

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