High-porosity formulas often include bond-building actives like bis-aminopropyl diglycol dimaleate, heavier emollients such as shea butter and castor oil, and film-forming agents to temporarily seal the raised cuticle. Ceramides and fatty alcohols like cetyl and stearyl help restore the lipid layer. pH is kept between 5.0 and 5.5 to encourage cuticle closure.
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